Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs) measure the energy efficiency of a property, impacting energy costs, environmental performance, and property value. One factor that can significantly reduce EPC scores is the presence of thermal bridges. Understanding thermal bridges and addressing them effectively can help improve a building’s energy rating.

1. What Are Thermal Bridges?

Thermal bridges occur when a part of the building envelope—such as a wall, roof, or floor—has a higher thermal conductivity than the surrounding materials. This creates pathways for heat to escape in winter or enter in summer. Common examples include:

  • Junctions between walls and floors

  • Window and door frames

  • Roof-wall intersections

  • Structural elements like steel beams that pass through insulation

2. How Thermal Bridges Affect EPC Scores

Thermal bridges can lead to:

  • Increased heat loss: More energy is required to maintain comfortable indoor temperatures.

  • Higher energy bills: Inefficient heat retention results in increased heating and cooling costs.

  • Reduced EPC rating: EPC calculations consider energy loss; significant thermal bridging lowers the score.

  • Condensation and mold risk: Areas with poor insulation can accumulate moisture, affecting both health and building integrity.

3. Identifying Thermal Bridges

  • Infrared thermography: Detects temperature variations in walls, ceilings, and floors.

  • Energy modeling: EPC assessors can identify potential thermal bridges in design plans or existing structures.

  • On-site inspection: Experienced assessors look for common problem areas, such as corners, roof edges, and structural penetrations.

4. Mitigation Strategies

  • Continuous insulation: Ensure insulation is uninterrupted across walls, floors, and roofs.

  • High-performance materials: Use thermal breaks, insulated frames, and low-conductivity construction materials.

  • Sealing gaps: Proper sealing around windows, doors, and structural elements reduces heat leakage.

  • Retrofitting solutions: For existing buildings, consider adding insulation layers or correcting bridging points.

For professional EPC assessments that identify and address thermal bridges, visit our Services page, book an assessment, or contact us for tailored advice.

Conclusion

Thermal bridges can significantly lower a property’s EPC rating by creating energy loss pathways. By identifying and mitigating thermal bridges, property owners can enhance energy efficiency, reduce costs, and achieve higher EPC scores. At EPCRate, our certified assessors provide detailed evaluations and solutions to optimize building energy performance.