With the UK’s push towards net-zero emissions by 2050, heat pumps have become a popular alternative to traditional gas and oil heating systems. Not only are they environmentally friendly, but Air Source Heat Pumps (ASHP) and Ground Source Heat Pumps (GSHP) can significantly improve a property’s Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) rating. This article explores how heat pumps influence EPC assessments and what homeowners should know before installation.
For a tailored assessment of how a heat pump can enhance your EPC score, visit our Services page.
1. What Are Air Source and Ground Source Heat Pumps?
Air Source Heat Pumps (ASHP) extract heat from the outside air and use it to heat your home and hot water.
Ground Source Heat Pumps (GSHP) draw heat from the ground through buried pipework, offering higher efficiency due to the consistent underground temperature.
Both systems operate using electricity but deliver 3-4 times more heat energy than the electrical energy they consume, making them incredibly efficient heating solutions.
2. How Heat Pumps Influence EPC Calculations
The EPC rating is calculated based on:
Building fabric heat loss (U-values of walls, roofs, windows)
Heating system efficiency (Seasonal Performance Factor – SPF)
Fuel type and associated CO2 emissions
Controls, hot water systems, and renewables
Heat pumps contribute positively in several areas:
High Efficiency: SPF values for heat pumps are significantly better than conventional gas boilers.
Low Carbon Emissions: As grid electricity becomes greener, the CO2 associated with running heat pumps reduces.
Integration with Smart Controls: Zoned heating and smart thermostats further optimise performance.
For accurate EPC reflection of heat pump installations, schedule an assessment on our Booking page.
3. Air Source vs Ground Source: Which Performs Better for EPC?
| Aspect | Air Source Heat Pump (ASHP) | Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) |
|---|---|---|
| Efficiency (SPF) | 2.5 to 3.5 | 3.5 to 4.5 |
| Installation Complexity | Easier, less invasive | Requires extensive groundworks |
| Upfront Cost | Lower | Higher |
| EPC Impact | Moderate to Strong | Strong to Exceptional |
While GSHPs offer superior efficiency, ASHPs are more practical for urban properties with limited outdoor space. Both systems will elevate your EPC score, but GSHPs often secure higher ratings due to their consistent efficiency.
For more details on installation costs and EPC assessment fees, visit our Pricing page.
4. Common EPC Scenarios: Heat Pumps in Different Property Types
a) Modern New-Builds
Heat pumps can push EPC ratings to A or high B grades when combined with superior insulation and airtightness.
b) Older Homes & Retrofits
Performance depends on insulation quality. Without proper building fabric upgrades, heat pumps may struggle to deliver full EPC potential.
c) Flats & Small Urban Properties
ASHPs with compact external units are suitable, but space and noise considerations must be addressed.
Our team can advise which heat pump type suits your property best. Learn more about our tailored assessments on our About Us page.
5. Factors That Maximise EPC Gains from Heat Pumps
Quality of Installation: Ensure MCS-certified installers configure the system correctly.
Proper Insulation: Walls, roofs, and floors must be adequately insulated to prevent energy loss.
Zoned Heating Controls: Smart thermostats and zoning significantly improve efficiency.
Efficient Hot Water Storage: Consider heat pump-compatible cylinders for optimal hot water delivery.
These improvements will be recognised during your EPC assessment. For a detailed inspection, contact us via our Contact page.
6. EPC Software Limitations: Real vs Modeled Performance
While heat pumps are highly efficient in real-world usage, EPC calculations (using SAP or RdSAP software) may not always capture their full benefit, especially in older buildings where default values may be applied. Providing accurate installation data and evidence helps assessors adjust assumptions, ensuring a fair rating.
We specialise in EPC assessments that accurately reflect heat pump installations. Book an evaluation on our Booking page.
7. Financial Incentives: Boosting EPC & ROI Together
Installing heat pumps not only improves EPC ratings but may also qualify for:
Boiler Upgrade Scheme (BUS) grants
Reduced energy bills
Enhanced property market value
For homeowners, landlords, and commercial property owners, these benefits make heat pumps a compelling investment.
Conclusion
Air Source and Ground Source Heat Pumps are game-changers in improving EPC ratings. By significantly reducing carbon emissions and enhancing heating efficiency, they offer a viable path to compliance with current and future EPC requirements. However, achieving the best EPC results depends on professional assessment, accurate documentation, and optimised building fabric.
If you’re considering a heat pump installation and want to maximise its EPC impact, EPCrate’s expert assessors are here to guide you. Schedule your assessment through our Booking page or reach out via our Contact page.
